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Shiatsu and Neuroscience:
The Gate Control Theory is a neurological model developed in 1965 that explains how Shiatsu and other manual therapies can reduce the perception of pain.
Here’s how they relate in detail for 2026:
1. The “Gate” Mechanism:
According to this theory, there is a neural “gate” in the spinal cord that can open or close to pain signals:
Pain Signals: Travel on small, slow nerve fibers (C fibers). When these predominate, the gate “opens” and the brain perceives pain.
Tactile/Pressure Signals: Travel on large, fast nerve fibers (A-beta fibers).
2. How Shiatsu “Closes” the Gate:
In Shiatsu, the practitioner applies constant, deep pressure with thumbs, palms, or elbows. This intense tactile stimulation activates the fast-twitch A-beta fibers, which reach the spinal cord before pain signals.
The arrival of these “fast” stimuli activates inhibitory interneurons that block the transmission of pain signals to the brain.
In practice, the nervous system is “busy” processing the Shiatsu pressure and ignores or attenuates the preexisting pain signal.
3. Benefits of Shiatsu based on this theory:
-Pain relief: It is effective for back pain, neck pain, and headaches because the pressure acts as a natural “switch” against nociceptive stimulation.
-Deep relaxation: In addition to the gate mechanism, Shiatsu stimulates the release of endorphins and promotes balance of the autonomic nervous system, enhancing the analgesic effect.
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Human’s body lines:
The human body is described using anatomical planes, which are imaginary lines that divide the body into sections for study and movement analysis. The sagittal plane divides the body into right and left portions. Most daily functional movements such as walking, running, sitting, and standing occur in this plane. Movements like flexion and extension of the spine, hips, knees, and elbows are best analyzed using the sagittal plane, making it extremely important in gait and posture analysis.
The frontal (coronal) plane divides the body into anterior (front) and posterior (back) sections. This plane is crucial for understanding side-to-side movements such as abduction and adduction of the limbs, lateral bending of the trunk, and shoulder or pelvic stability. Many postural deviations, including scoliosis and shoulder asymmetry, are evaluated primarily in this plane.
The transverse (horizontal) plane divides the body into upper (superior) and lower (inferior) halves. Rotational movements occur in this plane, including trunk rotation, spinal twisting, and rotational movements at the hips and shoulders. This plane plays a vital role in sports biomechanics, balance training, and core stability assessment.
To describe the position of body parts in relation to one another, directional terms are used. The terms superior and inferior refer to structures that are closer to the head or closer to the feet respectively. Medial and lateral describe positions relative to the midline of the body, helping clinicians precisely locate structures or describe deformities.
The terms anterior and posterior refer to the front and back of the body, while proximal and distal are used mainly for the limbs to describe parts closer to or farther from the trunk. These terms are especially important in orthopedics, physiotherapy, and rehabilitation when discussing joint injuries, muscle attachments, or nerve involvement.
Certain regions of the body have special directional terms. For the hand, the front surface is known as the palmar side, while the back is the dorsal side. In the foot, the sole is called the plantar surface, and the top is referred to as the dorsal surface. These terms are frequently used in foot biomechanics, gait analysis, orthotic prescription, and hand therapy.
In clinical practice and biomechanics, a strong understanding of anatomical planes and directional terms allows for accurate assessment, precise documentation, and effective treatment planning. They help professionals analyze movement patterns, identify abnormal mechanics, and design targeted rehabilitation programs.
Ultimately, mastering these concepts creates a solid foundation for learning advanced anatomy, pathomechanics, kinesiology, and functional movement analysis. Whether you are a student or a clinician, these terms transform complex human movement into a clear and understandable system.
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Organs (Zang – Fu):
Zang Fu is a fundamental concept in Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) that refers to the internal organs and their functions in the body. The term is divided into two categories: Zang (yin organs) and Fu (yang organs). Each organ is associated with specific physiological functions, emotional aspects, and interactions with other organs. Together, the Zang Fu organs create a dynamic system that maintains the body’s balance, health, and well-being.
The Zang Organs (Yin Organs):
The Zang organs are considered solid and are responsible for the production, storage, and regulation of the body’s vital substances, such as Qi, Blood, Fluids, and Essence. The five Zang organs include:
Heart (Xin): governs the Blood and houses the Shen (mind/spirit). It controls mental activity, emotions, and consciousness;
Liver (Gan): stores blood and ensures the smooth flow of Qi. It regulates emotions, and its balanced functioning promotes clear decision-making and emotional flexibility;
Spleen (Pi): Regulates the transformation and transport of food and fluids into Qi and Blood. It promotes digestion and the production of Qi and Blood, contributing to muscle tone and mental clarity.
Lung (Fei): Regulates Qi and respiration. It regulates the skin and immune function, and its proper functioning contributes to the body’s defense against external pathogens.
Kidney (Shen): Stores Essence (Jing) and regulates reproduction, growth, and aging. It is also responsible for water metabolism and the regulation of bones and bone marrow.
Fu Organs (Yang Organs):
The Fu organs are hollow and are primarily responsible for the transformation and transport of food, waste, and fluids. They are closely related to the Zang organs, but their function focuses more on the processes.
The six Fu organs are:
Stomach (Wei): Responsible for receiving and digesting food. It is known as the “Sea of Food and Fluids” and transforms nutrients for further processing;
Small Intestine (Xiao Chang): Separates clear matter from cloudy matter, absorbing nutrients and expelling waste;
Large Intestine (Da Chang): Absorbs water and eliminates waste;
Gallbladder (Dan): Stores and expels bile, which aids digestion. It also influences decision-making and courage;
Urinary Bladder (Pang Guang): Stores and expels urine;
Triple Heater (San Jiao): Regulates the water channels and is not a physical organ, but a system that coordinates the circulation of Qi and metabolism in the upper, middle, and lower parts of the body.
(Source: Yo San University)
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